Free Citation Guides

Cite Anything, in Any Style

Plain-English guides for every major citation style and source type. No jargon, just clear examples.

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Which style should you use?

Your institution or department will specify this. Sciences and medicine typically use Vancouver or APA. Law uses OSCOLA. Humanities often use Chicago Notes-Bibliography or MHRA. When in doubt, check your assignment brief or ask your tutor.

Citation Style Guides

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Style Guide
APA 7th Edition
The complete guide to APA 7. What changed from 6th edition, how to format references, and how to handle digital sources.
Social SciencesPsychologyEducation
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Style Guide
MLA 9th Edition
MLA's container model explained simply. How to format Works Cited entries for any source type using the nine core elements.
HumanitiesLiteratureLanguages
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Style Guide
Chicago Notes-Bibliography
Footnotes, endnotes, ibid., and how to format a Bibliography — with real examples for every common source type.
HistoryArtsHumanities
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Style Guide
Chicago Author-Date
Parenthetical citations and a Reference List — the social-sciences variant of Chicago style explained step by step.
Social SciencesPhysical Sciences
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Style Guide
Harvard Referencing
Harvard isn't one standard — it's a family. Learn the common core, spot the differences between UK university variants, and cite confidently.
UK UniversitiesBusiness
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Style Guide
Vancouver Style
Numbered citations, superscripts, and MEDLINE journal abbreviations — the biomedical and nursing citation standard.
MedicineNursingBiomedical
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Style Guide
IEEE Citation Style
Bracket citations and numbered reference lists for engineering and computer science — covering papers, standards, and patents.
EngineeringComputer Science
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Style Guide
OSCOLA (Law)
Cases, statutes, EU law, and treaties — OSCOLA footnote citation format for UK law students explained clearly.
UK LawLegal Research
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Style Guide
MHRA Style
Single quotes for article titles, the "p." rule, and short-title subsequent references — MHRA for humanities students.
LanguagesLiteratureHumanities
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Style Guide
APA In-Text Citations
Deep dive into APA in-text: author disambiguation, group authors, block quotes, and secondary sources — all the edge cases solved.
APAIn-Text
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By Source Type

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Source Type
Citing Journal Articles
The same journal article cited in 7 styles side by side — see exactly how APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, IEEE, and OSCOLA differ.
All StylesDOIOnline
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Source Type
Citing Books
Books, chapters, edited collections, and translations — how to cite them correctly in every major style.
BooksChaptersEdited Volumes
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Source Type
Citing Websites & Online Sources
Webpages, news articles, government sites, social media, and archived pages — with format examples across all major styles.
WebsitesNewsSocial Media
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Source Type
Citing Dissertations & Theses
ProQuest Dissertations, EThOS, institutional repositories, and unpublished theses — how to cite them in every style.
DissertationsThesesProQuest
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Academic Integrity

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Integrity
How to Avoid Plagiarism
Patchwriting vs. paraphrase, self-plagiarism, Turnitin scores, and how AI-generated content affects academic integrity checks.
PlagiarismTurnitinAI
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